This is not [isn't] a book. 这不是书.
He will not [won't] come. 他不会来的.

He is my nephew, (and) not my son. 他是我侄子,不是我儿子
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. 我是来埋葬凯撒,而不是来赞美他的.

I begged him not to go out. 我请求他不要出去.
Not knowing, I cannot say. 我不知道,所以说不出来.
He reproached me for not having let him know about it. 他责备我没有让他知道这件事.

not a few 不少(many)
not a little 不少(much)
not once or [nor] twice 不只一两次,好几次
not reluctant 非常高兴,极乐意
notseldom 常常
not unknown 并非不知道的
not too well 不太好
not without some doubt 带着几分怀疑.

not any =no, none/not anybody =nobody/not anyone =no one/not anything =nothing/not anywhere =nowhere/not either =neither/not ever =never/not nearly =by no means绝不
I don't like candy any more. 我不再喜欢吃糖了.
Will he come?-Not he (=No, he won't)! 他会来吗?〔42c7〕他不会(来)!
The French won't fight, not they. 法国人恐怕不会打,他们不会打.

Not every one can succeed. 不是人人都会成功的.
I don't know both. 我并非两方面都知道(只知道一方面).
not all
not altogether
not always
not quite
not very.

Is he ill?-Not at all. (=He is not at all ill.) 他病了吗?〔42c7〕 一点病也没有.
Right or not, it is a fact. 不管对不对,那是事实.
(as) likely as not
more likely than not
more often than not
Is he coming?〔42c7〕Perhaps not. (=Perhaps he is not coming.) 他来吗?〔42c7〕也许不来(除perhaps 外,probably,absolutely,of course 等亦可这样用)
Is he ill?〔42c7〕I think not. (=I think he is not ill.) 他是病了吗?〔42c7〕我想他没有.(cf. I think so. )我想是病了.(除think 外,suppose,believe,hope,expect,be afraid 等词亦可这样用)
I shall start if it's fine; if not, not. 天气好我就动身,不好我就不动身.
I'm not telling a lie, not upon my life. 我没有说谎,以性命担保没有说谎.

Not a man answered. 一个人也没回答.